NASA Astrobiology

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A volcanically active planet is shown in closeup at the left side of the image with glowing eruptions and lines of lava on the surface. To the right and in the distance is a faint blue glowing ball representing the more massive planet in the system.

Sixteen frames from Voyager 1's flyby of Jupiter in 1979 were merged to create this image. Jupiter's Great Red Spot is visible in the center. Jupiter's moon Europa can be seen in the foreground at the bottom left of the image.

The frame is a horizontal rainbow of color on a grid. Shadows of molecules can be seen through the light as well as the jagged peaks and troughs of spectral lines.

Fizzy Super Earths and Lava Worlds“Fizzy Super-Earths: Impacts of Magma Composition on the Bulk Density and Structure of Lava Worlds.” in The Astrophysical Journal.01/03

Identifying Hydrothermal Activity on Icy Ocean Worlds“Ethene-ethanol ratios as potential indicators of hydrothermal activity at Enceladus, Europa, and other icy ocean worlds.” In Icarus.02/03

NASA Raman Spectroscopic Database"The NASA Raman spectroscopic database: Ramdb version 1.00.” In Icarus.03/03

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November 2025Summer snow determines the depth to ice-cemented ground under dry permafrost in Antarctica

McKay, C. P., Marinova, M. M., Williams, K. E., & Mellon, M. T. (2025). Summer snow determines the depth to ice-cemented ground under dry permafrost in Antarctica. Antarctic Science, None, 1–13. doi:10.1017/s0954102025100448

Nakhlite Emplacement as Constrained by X‐Ray Computed Tomography and 3D Quantitative Textural and Petrofabric Analyses

Ramsey, S. R., Irvin, P., Udry, A., Eckley, S. A., Ostwald, A., & Ketcham, R. A. (2025). Nakhlite Emplacement as Constrained by X‐Ray Computed Tomography and 3D Quantitative Textural and Petrofabric Analyses. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 130(12), None. doi:10.1029/2025je009220

Toward Process-Driven Research in Astrobiology: Stepping Away from the Binary Biogenicity Versus Abiogenicity Approach

Borges, S. R., Schaible, G. A., Sagasti, A. J., Teece, B. L., Barlow, E. V., Soares, G. G., & Gangidine, A. (2025). Toward Process-Driven Research in Astrobiology: Stepping Away from the Binary Biogenicity Versus Abiogenicity Approach. Astrobiology. doi:10.1177/15311074251399191

Vilesida, a new order of demosponges revealed by molecular phylogeny and abundant 24-isopropylcholesterols (24-ipc sterols)

Díaz, J. A., De La Torriente, A., Zumberge, J. A., Ríos, P., Serrano, A., Cristobo, J., … Cárdenas, P. (2025). Vilesida, a new order of demosponges revealed by molecular phylogeny and abundant 24-isopropylcholesterols (24-ipc sterols). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 205(3), None. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf163

Dust Recycling and Icy Volatile Enhancement (DRIVE): A Novel Method of Volatile Enrichment in Cold Giant Planets

Van Clepper, E. R., Alarcón, F., Bergin, E., & Ciesla, F. J. (2025). Dust Recycling and Icy Volatile Enhancement (DRIVE): A Novel Method of Volatile Enrichment in Cold Giant Planets. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 994(2), L44. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae1d81

Modeling the Solar System. I. Characterization Limits from Analytic Timing Variations

Lindor, B. M., & Agol, E. (2025). Modeling the Solar System. I. Characterization Limits from Analytic Timing Variations. The Planetary Science Journal, 6(11), 267. doi:10.3847/psj/ae102b

Influence of Oxic/Anoxic Conditions on the Mobility of Pb, Cu, and Fe from Acid Mine Drainage-Affected Sediments

RivadáVia, R., Jemison, N., Moreira, G., Faria, L. U. S., Friedman, M., Ali, A-M., … Cerrato, J. M. (2025). Influence of Oxic/Anoxic Conditions on the Mobility of Pb, Cu, and Fe from Acid Mine Drainage-Affected Sediments. ACS ES&T Water. doi:10.1021/acsestwater.5c00662

Organic geochemical evidence for life in Archean rocks identified by pyrolysis–GC–MS and supervised machine learning

Wong, M. L., Prabhu, A., Alexander, C. O. D., Cleaves, H. J., Cody, G. D., Hystad, G., … Hazen, R. M. (2025). Organic geochemical evidence for life in Archean rocks identified by pyrolysis–GC–MS and supervised machine learning. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 122(47), None. doi:10.1073/pnas.2514534122

Characteristics of the Shackleton-de Gerlache ridge and implications for lunar south polar geology and future sampling activities

Gawronska, A. J., & Boazman, S. J. (2025). Characteristics of the Shackleton-de Gerlache ridge and implications for lunar south polar geology and future sampling activities. Icarus, 441, 116719. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2025.116719

Testing the performance of cross-correlation techniques to search for molecular features in JWST NIRSpec G395H observations of transiting exoplanets

Esparza-Borges, A., et. al. (2025) Testing the performance of cross-correlation techniques to search for molecular features in JWST NIRSpec G395H observations of transiting exoplanets. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 543(4). doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1659

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