NASA Astrobiology

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A volcanically active planet is shown in closeup at the left side of the image with glowing eruptions and lines of lava on the surface. To the right and in the distance is a faint blue glowing ball representing the more massive planet in the system.

Sixteen frames from Voyager 1's flyby of Jupiter in 1979 were merged to create this image. Jupiter's Great Red Spot is visible in the center. Jupiter's moon Europa can be seen in the foreground at the bottom left of the image.

The frame is a horizontal rainbow of color on a grid. Shadows of molecules can be seen through the light as well as the jagged peaks and troughs of spectral lines.

Fizzy Super Earths and Lava Worlds“Fizzy Super-Earths: Impacts of Magma Composition on the Bulk Density and Structure of Lava Worlds.” in The Astrophysical Journal.01/03

Identifying Hydrothermal Activity on Icy Ocean Worlds“Ethene-ethanol ratios as potential indicators of hydrothermal activity at Enceladus, Europa, and other icy ocean worlds.” In Icarus.02/03

NASA Raman Spectroscopic Database"The NASA Raman spectroscopic database: Ramdb version 1.00.” In Icarus.03/03

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May 2025Continental Orientation and the Climate of Land-dominated, Arid Planets

Glaser, D. M., Aleinov, I., Leboissetier, A., & Way, M. J. (2025). Continental Orientation and the Climate of Land-dominated, Arid Planets. The Planetary Science Journal, 6(5), 111. doi:10.3847/psj/adccb6

TOI-6478 b: a cold underdense Neptune transiting a fully convective M dwarf from the thick disc

Scott, M. G., Triaud, A. H. M. J., Barkaoui, K., Sebastian, D., Burgasser, A. J., Collins, K. A., … Watanabe, D. (2025). TOI-6478 b: a cold underdense Neptune transiting a fully convective M dwarf from the thick disc. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 540(2), 1909–1927. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf684

Genome sequence and methylome profile of Natrinema pallidum strain NMX15-1, a halophilic archaeon, from Permian Period halite, Carlsbad, New Mexico

Khoshnaw, A., Toledo Akiti, B., Vincze, T., DasSarma, P., Fomenkov, A., Powers, D. W., Roberts, R. J., DasSarma, S. (2025) Genome sequence and methylome profile of Natrinema pallidum strain NMX15-1, a halophilic archaeon, from Permian Period halite, Carlsbad, New Mexico. Microbiology Resource Announcements. doi: 10.1128/mra.01287-24

Membrane-Spanning Molecular Lengths as an Agnostic Biosignature

Malaska, M. J., Sandström, H., Hofmann, A. E., Hodyss, R., Rensmo, L., van der Meulen, M., Rahm, M., Cable, M. L., & Lunine, J.I. (2025) Membrane-Spanning Molecular Lengths as an Agnostic Biosignature. Astrobiology, 25(5). doi:10.1089/ast.2024.0125

TOI-6695: A Pair of Near-resonant Massive Planets Observed with TESS from the WINE Survey*

Eberhardt, J., Trifonov, T., Henning, T., Tala Pinto, M., Brahm, R., Jordán, A., … Winn, J. N. (2025). TOI-6695: A Pair of Near-resonant Massive Planets Observed with TESS from the WINE Survey*. The Astronomical Journal, 169(6), 298. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/adc44e

Spectral classification of young stars using conditional invertible neural networks

Kang, D. E., Itrich, D., Ksoll, V. F., Testi, L., Klessen, R. S., & Molinari, S. (2025). Spectral classification of young stars using conditional invertible neural networks. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 697, A39. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450394

Assembly of catalytic complexes from randomized oligonucleotides

Han, X., & Müller, U. F. (2025). Assembly of catalytic complexes from randomized oligonucleotides. Science Advances, 11(18), None. doi:10.1126/sciadv.adu2647

Design of a small lidar for a Mars lander to profile water vapor, aerosols, and winds

Abshire, J. B., Cremons, D. R., Numata, K., Sun, X., Guzewich, S. D., & Smith, M. D. (2025). Design of a small lidar for a Mars lander to profile water vapor, aerosols, and winds. Laser Radar Technology and Applications XXX, None, 12. doi:10.1117/12.3057150

The observable impact of runaway OB stars on protoplanetary discs

Coleman, G. A. L., Kim, J. S., Haworth, T. J., Hartman, P. A., & Kalish, T. C. (2025). The observable impact of runaway OB stars on protoplanetary discs. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 540(1), 1202–1214. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf789

Deciphering Sub-Neptune Atmospheres: New Insights from Geochemical Models of TOI-270 d

Glein, C. R., Yu 余, X. 馨., & Luu, C. N. (2025). Deciphering Sub-Neptune Atmospheres: New Insights from Geochemical Models of TOI-270 d. The Astrophysical Journal, 985(2), 187. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adced4

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