NASA Astrobiology

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A volcanically active planet is shown in closeup at the left side of the image with glowing eruptions and lines of lava on the surface. To the right and in the distance is a faint blue glowing ball representing the more massive planet in the system.

Sixteen frames from Voyager 1's flyby of Jupiter in 1979 were merged to create this image. Jupiter's Great Red Spot is visible in the center. Jupiter's moon Europa can be seen in the foreground at the bottom left of the image.

The frame is a horizontal rainbow of color on a grid. Shadows of molecules can be seen through the light as well as the jagged peaks and troughs of spectral lines.

Fizzy Super Earths and Lava Worlds“Fizzy Super-Earths: Impacts of Magma Composition on the Bulk Density and Structure of Lava Worlds.” in The Astrophysical Journal.01/03

Identifying Hydrothermal Activity on Icy Ocean Worlds“Ethene-ethanol ratios as potential indicators of hydrothermal activity at Enceladus, Europa, and other icy ocean worlds.” In Icarus.02/03

NASA Raman Spectroscopic Database"The NASA Raman spectroscopic database: Ramdb version 1.00.” In Icarus.03/03

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July 2025A proposed mechanism for the formation of protocell-like structures on Titan

Mayer, C., & Nixon, C. A. (2025). A proposed mechanism for the formation of protocell-like structures on Titan. International Journal of Astrobiology, 24, None. doi:10.1017/s1473550425100037

Crystal Habits as Potential Biosignatures

Perl, S.M., et. al. (2025) Crystal Habits as Potential Biosignatures, 25(7). doi: 10.1177/15311074251360767

Assessing the Morphological Changes of Residual Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents Found in Tissue via Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

Saenz-Trevizo, A., Escobar, G.P., Howard, T., Dokladny, K., Brearley, A., Wagner, B. (2025) Assessing the Morphological Changes of Residual Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents Found in Tissue via Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy, 31(Supplement_1). doi: 10.1093/mam/ozaf048.402

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Shaffer, J.M.C., Sklute, E.C., Samples, R.M., Giddings, L-A., Jarratt, A., Mateos, K., Dyar, M.D., Lee, P.A., Livi, K.J.T., Mikucki, J.A. (2025) Multi-technique characterization of iron reduction by an Antarctic Shewanella: an analog system for putative Martian biosignature identification. doi: 10.1128/aem.02528-24

Structural Biosignatures—A Category of Potential Biosignatures in the Life Detection Knowledge Base

Shkolyar, S. et. al. (2025). Structural Biosignatures—A Category of Potential Biosignatures in the Life Detection Knowledge Base. Astrobiology, 35, 7. doi:10.1089/ast.2024.0105

June 2025Perchlorate brine formation from frost at the Viking 2 landing site

Chevrier, V. F. (2025). Perchlorate brine formation from frost at the Viking 2 landing site. Communications Earth & Environment, 6(1), None. doi:10.1038/s43247-025-02411-0

Phosphorylation of nucleosides by P-N bond species generated from prebiotic reduced phosphorus sources

Gull, M., Cruz, H. A., Krishnamurthy, R., & Pasek, M. A. (2025). Phosphorylation of nucleosides by P-N bond species generated from prebiotic reduced phosphorus sources. Communications Chemistry, 8(1), None. doi:10.1038/s42004-025-01577-0

TOI-2407 b: a warm Neptune in the desert

Muñoz, C. J., Hooton, M. J., Pedersen, P. P., Barkaoui, K., Rackham, B. V., Burgasser, A. J., … Zúñiga-Fernández, S. (2025). TOI-2407 b: a warm Neptune in the desert. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf946

The partitioning of H between olivine and melt at low pressures (10 – 200 MPa)

Peterson, L. D., Newcombe, M. E., Piccoli, P. M., Gion, A., Nielsen, S. G., Gaetani, G. A., … Wang, J. (2025). The partitioning of H between olivine and melt at low pressures (10 – 200 MPa). American Mineralogist. doi:10.2138/am-2025-9738

The Salty Science of Brinicle Formation: Impact of Salt Composition on Brinicle Growth and Morphology

Garner, M. G., Perl, S. M., & Foreman, C. M. (2025). The Salty Science of Brinicle Formation: Impact of Salt Composition on Brinicle Growth and Morphology. The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 129(23), 10767–10774. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.5c02403

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