NASA Astrobiology

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A volcanically active planet is shown in closeup at the left side of the image with glowing eruptions and lines of lava on the surface. To the right and in the distance is a faint blue glowing ball representing the more massive planet in the system.

Sixteen frames from Voyager 1's flyby of Jupiter in 1979 were merged to create this image. Jupiter's Great Red Spot is visible in the center. Jupiter's moon Europa can be seen in the foreground at the bottom left of the image.

The frame is a horizontal rainbow of color on a grid. Shadows of molecules can be seen through the light as well as the jagged peaks and troughs of spectral lines.

Fizzy Super Earths and Lava Worlds“Fizzy Super-Earths: Impacts of Magma Composition on the Bulk Density and Structure of Lava Worlds.” in The Astrophysical Journal.01/03

Identifying Hydrothermal Activity on Icy Ocean Worlds“Ethene-ethanol ratios as potential indicators of hydrothermal activity at Enceladus, Europa, and other icy ocean worlds.” In Icarus.02/03

NASA Raman Spectroscopic Database"The NASA Raman spectroscopic database: Ramdb version 1.00.” In Icarus.03/03

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January 2025Tides on Lava Worlds: Application to Close-in Exoplanets and the Early Earth–Moon System

Farhat, M., Auclair-Desrotour, P., Boué, G., Lichtenberg, T., & Laskar, J. (2025). Tides on Lava Worlds: Application to Close-in Exoplanets and the Early Earth–Moon System. The Astrophysical Journal, 979(2), 133. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad9b93

True Mass and Atmospheric Composition of the Nontransiting Hot Jupiter HD 143105 b

Finnerty, L., Xin, Y., Xuan, J. W., Inglis, J., Fitzgerald, M. P., Agrawal, S., … Ji 吉 Wang, 王. (2025). True Mass and Atmospheric Composition of the Nontransiting Hot Jupiter HD 143105 b. The Astronomical Journal, 169(2), 94. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ada1d9

Polymer-Based Contactless Conductivity Detector for Europan Salts (PolyCoDES)

Govinda Raj, C., Salyards, P., McCoy, C., & Stockton, A. (2025). Polymer-Based Contactless Conductivity Detector for Europan Salts (PolyCoDES). Sensors, 25(3), 775. doi:10.3390/s25030775

Reliable Detections of Atmospheres on Rocky Exoplanets with Photometric JWST Phase Curves

Hammond, M., Guimond, C. M., Lichtenberg, T., Nicholls, H., Fisher, C., Luque, R., … Teske, J. (2025). Reliable Detections of Atmospheres on Rocky Exoplanets with Photometric JWST Phase Curves. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 978(2), L40. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ada0bc

Smuggling unnoticed: towards a 2D view of water and dust delivery to the inner regions of protoplanetary discs

Houge, A., Krijt, S., Banzatti, A., Blake, G. A., Pinilla, P., Pontoppidan, K. M., … Zhang, K. (2025). Smuggling unnoticed: towards a 2D view of water and dust delivery to the inner regions of protoplanetary discs. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 537(2), 691–704. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf057

Standoff ultra-compact micro-Raman (SUCR) sensor for lunar surface exploration

Nurul Abedin, M., Beegle, L. W., Edmunson, J. E., Refaat, T. F., Bai, Y., Tucker, E. Z., … Rickman, D. L. (2025). Standoff ultra-compact micro-Raman (SUCR) sensor for lunar surface exploration. Optics Express, 33(1), 1249. doi:10.1364/oe.541413

Stellar Contamination Correction Using Back-to-back Transits of TRAPPIST-1 b and c

Rathcke, A. D., Buchhave, L. A., De Wit, J., Rackham, B. V., August, P. C., Diamond-Lowe, H., … Heng, K. (2025). Stellar Contamination Correction Using Back-to-back Transits of TRAPPIST-1 b and c. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 979(1), L19. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ada5c7

Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994*

Rodríguez Martínez, R., Eastman, J. D., Collins, K. A., Rodriguez, J. E., Charbonneau, D., Quinn, S. N., … Mireles, I. (2025). Discovery and Characterization of an Eccentric, Warm Saturn Transiting the Solar Analog TOI-4994*. The Astronomical Journal, 169(2), 72. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90

Amplicon Sequencing Reveals Diversity in Spatially Separated Microbial Communities in the Icelandic Mars Analog Environment Mælifellssandur

Tan, G., LeCates, C. N., Simpson, A., Holtzen, S., Parris, D. J., Stewart, F. J., … , . (2025). Amplicon Sequencing Reveals Diversity in Spatially Separated Microbial Communities in the Icelandic Mars Analog Environment Mælifellssandur. Astrobiology. doi:10.1089/ast.2023.0124

TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System

Vítková, M., Brahm, R., Trifonov, T., Kabáth, P., Jordán, A., Henning, T., … Skarka, M. (2025). TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 978(2), L22. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad9a53

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