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2011 Annual Science Report

Carnegie Institution of Washington Reporting  |  SEP 2010 – AUG 2011

Executive Summary

The NASA Astrobiology Institute team led by the Carnegie Institution of Washington is dedicated to the study of the extrasolar planets, solar system formation, organic rich primitive planetary bodies, deep sequestration of CHON volatiles in terrestrial planets, prebiotic molecular synthesis through geocatalysis, and the connection between planetary evolution the emergence, and sustenance of biology – processes central to the missions of the NAI. Our program attempts to integrate the sweeping narrative of life’s history through a combination of bottom-up and top-down studies. On the one hand, we study processes related to chemical and physical evolution in plausible prebiotic environments – circumstellar disks, extrasolar planetary systems and the primitive Earth. Complementary to these bottom-up investigations of life’s origin, we will continue our field and experimental top-down efforts to document the nature of microbial life at extreme conditions, as well as the characterization of organic matter in ancient fossils. Both types of efforts inform our development of biotechnological approaches to life detection on other worlds.

Our team’s research focus on life’s chemical and physical evolution, from the interstellar medium, through planetary systems, to the emergence and detection of life, across six integrated and interdisciplinary areas of research:

1. We continue to apply theory and observations to investigate the nature and distribution of extrasolar planets both through radial velocity and astrometric methods, the composition of circumstellar disks, early mixing and transport in young disks, and late mixing and planetary migration in the Solar System, and Solar System bodies.

2. We conduct observational analytical research on the volatile and organic rich Solar System Bodies by focusing on astronomical surveying of outer solar system objects and performing in-house analyses of meteorite, interplanetary dust particle, and Comet Wild 2/81P samples with an emphasis on characterizing the distribution, state and chemical history of primitive organic matter.

3. We study the origin and evolution of the terrestrial planets with a special emphasis on CHON volatiles, their delivery and retention in the deep interiors of terrestrial planets. We will experimentally investigate how CHON volatiles may be retained even during magma ocean phases of terrestrial evolution. We investigate the early Earth’s recycling processes studying the isotopic composition of diamonds, diamond inclusions, and associated lithologies. We address how early geotectonic processes lead to the diversification of minerals perhaps required for the origin of life and certainly later modified by the presence of life.

4. We investigate the geochemical steps that may have lead to the origin of life, focusing on identifying and characterizing mineral catalyzed organic reaction networks that lead from simple volatiles, e.g., CO2, NH3, and H2, up to greater molecular complexity. We explore the role of minerals to enhance molecular selection, both isomeric and chiral selection, as well as molecular organization on mineral surfaces.

5. We continue to study the intersection between geology and biology. We continue to explore how sub-seafloor interactions support deep ocean hydrothermal ecosystems. We study life’s adaption to extremes of pressure, cold, and salinity. We adapt and apply multiple isotopic sulfur geochemistry towards the understanding of microbial metabolism and as a means of detecting ancient metabolisms recorded in the rock record through characteristic sulfur isotopic signatures. We apply state-of-the-art methods to derive chemical and isotopic biosignatures of life in the Earth’s most ancient rocks.

6. We are continuing work coordinating advanced instrument testing with our involvement with the Arctic Mars Analogue Svalbard Expedition (AMASE) in support of Mars Science Laboratory, including ChemMin, SAM as well as elements of the ExoMars payload including Raman and Life Marker Chip Instruments.

Fuller understanding of life’s origin, evolution, and distribution requires major advances on all these topics, as well as the extensive challenge of integrating these topics. During the next three years of NAI support we anticipate significant progress in each of these six areas, as well as considerable advances derived from integrating these theoretical, experimental, and field studies.

Highlights in the area of Studies of the Physical and chemical evolution of planetary systems during the past year (2010-2011) include the following:

  • The Planet Finding Spectrometer on the Magellan telescope is now producing 1 m/s precision and finding terrestrial mass planet candidates in and near the habitable zone of M dwarf stars.
  • A new automated Planet Finding telescope at the Lick Observatory has been built and tested and will go into science mode late in 2011.
  • The CIW CAPSCam-S instrument has preliminary data on ~ 100 target stars, 23 of which now have sufficient data to confirm low mass binary companions or to place upper mass limits on known Doppler Planets.
  • CoI Sheppard has surveyed the southern sky and Galactic plane for bright Trans-Neptunian objects and detected eighteen new objects, several of which may be dwarf planets.
  • CoI Weinberger completed her Spitzer Space Telescope study of the dust star BD+20 307, which has orders of magnitude more hot dust than any other star its age (>1Ga), this dust is not primordial and could be the signature of a giant planetary collision.
  • Compositional analysis of Kuiper Belt objects reveal variation in water and methane content that may result from the collisional history of Haumea family objects.
  • Molecular spectroscopic analysis of organic solids extracted from new fragments of the Tagish lake meteorite reveal a very high degree of chemical variation that reflects molecular modification in response to a, as yet, poorly understood history of this enigmatic early Solar System relic.
  • Studies of Comet 81P/Wild 2 particles, Interplanetary Dust Particles, and primitive chondritic meteorites reveal that all share a common origin for the abundant extraterrestrial organic solids contained within them, where the ultimate origin of such solids is interstellar formaldeyde and its condensation products.
  • Coordinated micro-analysis of carbonaceous nano-globules reveals a range of textures and chemically distinct classes of material, suggesting a complex history of organic synthesis early in Solar System history.
  • A strong correlation between stellar abundance trends and metallicity suggests that planetesimal formation increases with stellar metallicity.
  • The MESSENGER spacecraft was successfully inserted into orbit about Mercury on 18 March 2011. Preliminary data are helping inform us about how Mercury formed and evolved.
  • Experiments reveal that the capacity of C-O-H bearing fluids to hold onto carbon during ascent from the Earth’s deep mantle decreases and carbon precipitates into different carbon species. This may change our assessment of the amount of carbon stored in the Earth’s deep mantle.
  • High pressure-high Temperature studies of ammonia indicate high chemical reactivity at conditions relevant to the interiors of giant planets and may explain the presence of nitrogen in the atmosphere of Neptune.
  • The analysis of mineral inclusions in diamonds reveal the clear chemical signature of recycled oceanic lithosphere pointing to a long-lived and very deep carbon cycle.
  • Radiogenic isotopic analysis of sulfide inclusion within diamonds indicates that modern style plate tectonics likely started at 3.2 Ga. Earlier in Earth history, crustal growth likely occurred through vertical accretion.
  • The evolution of mercury bearing minerals over Earth history reveal striking trends that reflect significant geotectonic events.
  • The catalytic formation of simple peptides from amino acids by transition metal sulfides is enhanced considerably at lower temperatures. Specific amino acid-mineral surface interactions are detected that likely explain the catalytic nature of metal sulfides.
  • Field investigation of microbial ecosystems in active serpentinization systems reveal novel alkaliphilic microorganisms.
  • Analysis of molecular pigment tracing in arctic ices and associated stable isotopic analyses reveal the potential for storing biosignatures in polar ices. Life can be transported and stored in ice for extended periods of time, which may be relevant for searching for signs of life in Martian icy soils and polar ice caps.
  • Microbial communities in subsurface hydrothermal fluids are exposed to very high rates of viral infection. Viruses likely play a crucial role in facilitating adaptability to extreme conditions in the deep biosphere.
  • Multiple sulfur isotopic studies reveal the signature of rising sulfidic deep waters at the end of the Permian mass extinction. Experiments reveal confirm that large mass independent sulfur isotopic fractionation cannot be explained by purely thermal chemistry.
  • Microspectral analysis of Paleozoic trilobite fossils using Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy reveals molecular evidence for the extensive preservation of chitin-protein complex back to 505 Ma. It is likely that the organic fossil record owes its existence to the recalcitrant nature of chitin-protein complex.
  • An investigation into the evolution of borate minerals on Earth reveal that the extent to which borate minerals were present on the Earth’s surface depends upon whether a granitic continental crust had differentiated. This may limit the role of borate minerals as a means of stabilizing ribose for the gain of RNA world hypotheses.
  • Instruments designed for flight for NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory and ESA’s ExoMars programs were tested on Svalbard Island Norway, a Mars analog site, under harsh arctic conditions. These tests are invaluable to gain insight of instrumentation operation prior to launch and ultimate operation on Mars.

Publications

  • Albrecht, S., Winn, J. N., Johnson, J. A., Paul Butler, R., Crane, J. D., Shectman, S. A., … Fischer, D. (2011). TWO UPPER LIMITS ON THE ROSSITER-MCLAUGHLIN EFFECT, WITH DIFFERING IMPLICATIONS: WASP-1 HAS A HIGH OBLIQUITY AND WASP-2 IS INDETERMINATE. The Astrophysical Journal, 738(1), 50. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/738/1/50

  • Alexander, C. M. O. D., Newsome, S. D., Fogel, M. L., Nittler, L. R., Busemann, H., & Cody, G. D. (2010). Deuterium enrichments in chondritic macromolecular material—Implications for the origin and evolution of organics, water and asteroids. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(15), 4417–4437. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.05.005

  • Anderson, B. J., Johnson, C. L., Korth, H., Purucker, M. E., Winslow, R. M., Slavin, J. A., … Zurbuchen, T. H. (2011). The Global Magnetic Field of Mercury from MESSENGER Orbital Observations. Science, 333(6051), 1859–1862. doi:10.1126/science.1211001

  • Anderson, R. E., Brazelton, W. J., & Baross, J. A. (2011). Is the Genetic Landscape of the Deep Subsurface Biosphere Affected by Viruses?. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00219

  • Anderson, R. E., Brazelton, W. J., & Baross, J. A. (2011). Using CRISPRs as a metagenomic tool to identify microbial hosts of a diffuse flow hydrothermal vent viral assemblage. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 77(1), 120–133. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01090.x

  • Aulbach, S., Stachel, T., Heaman, L. M., Creaser, R. A., & Shirey, S. B. (2010). Formation of cratonic subcontinental lithospheric mantle and complementary komatiite from hybrid plume sources. Contrib Mineral Petrol, 161(6), 947–960. doi:10.1007/s00410-010-0573-4

  • Bahri, S., Jonsson, C. M., Jonsson, C. L., Azzolini, D., Sverjensky, D. A., & Hazen, R. M. (2011). Adsorption and Surface Complexation Study of L-DOPA on Rutile (α-TiO 2 ) in NaCl Solutions. Environ. Sci. Technol., 45(9), 3959–3966. doi:10.1021/es1042832

  • Baker, D. M. H., Head, J. W., Schon, S. C., Ernst, C. M., Prockter, L. M., Murchie, S. L., … Strom, R. G. (2011). The transition from complex crater to peak-ring basin on Mercury: New observations from MESSENGER flyby data and constraints on basin formation models. Planetary and Space Science, 59(15), 1932–1948. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2011.05.010

  • Belton, M. J. S., Meech, K. J., Chesley, S., Pittichová, J., Carcich, B., Drahus, M., … Zhao, H. (2011). Stardust-NExT, Deep Impact, and the accelerating spin of 9P/Tempel 1. Icarus, 213(1), 345–368. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.01.006

  • Benecchi, S. D., Noll, K. S., Stephens, D. C., Grundy, W. M., & Rawlins, J. (2011). Optical and infrared colors of transneptunian objects observed with HST. Icarus, 213(2), 693–709. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.03.005

  • Biller, B. A., Liu, M. C., Wahhaj, Z., Nielsen, E. L., Close, L. M., Dupuy, T. J., … Toomey, D. (2010). THE GEMINI NICI PLANET-FINDING CAMPAIGN: DISCOVERY OF A CLOSE SUBSTELLAR COMPANION TO THE YOUNG DEBRIS DISK STAR PZ Tel. The Astrophysical Journal, 720(1), L82–L87. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/720/1/l82

  • Blewett, D. T., Chabot, N. L., Denevi, B. W., Ernst, C. M., Head, J. W., Izenberg, N. R., … Hurwitz, D. M. (2011). Hollows on Mercury: MESSENGER Evidence for Geologically Recent Volatile-Related Activity. Science, 333(6051), 1856–1859. doi:10.1126/science.1211681

  • Borucki, W. J., Koch, D. G., Basri, G., Batalha, N., Boss, A., Brown, T. M., … Wu, H. (2011). CHARACTERISTICS OF KEPLER PLANETARY CANDIDATES BASED ON THE FIRST DATA SET. The Astrophysical Journal, 728(2), 117. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/728/2/117

  • Borucki, W. J., Koch, D. G., Basri, G., Batalha, N., Brown, T. M., Bryson, S. T., … Still, M. (2011). CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANETARY CANDIDATES OBSERVED BY KEPLER . II. ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST FOUR MONTHS OF DATA. The Astrophysical Journal, 736(1), 19. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/736/1/19

  • Boss, A. P. (2010). GIANT PLANET FORMATION BY DISK INSTABILITY IN LOW MASS DISKS?. The Astrophysical Journal, 725(2), L145–L149. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/725/2/l145

  • Boss, A. P. (2011). EVOLUTION OF THE SOLAR NEBULA. IX. GRADIENTS IN THE SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY OF THE SHORT-LIVED RADIOISOTOPES 60 Fe AND 26 Al AND THE STABLE OXYGEN ISOTOPES. The Astrophysical Journal, 739(2), 61. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/739/2/61

  • Boss, A. P. (2011). FORMATION OF GIANT PLANETS BY DISK INSTABILITY ON WIDE ORBITS AROUND PROTOSTARS WITH VARIED MASSES. The Astrophysical Journal, 731(1), 74. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/731/1/74

  • Brazelton, W. J., & Baross, J. A. (2010). Metagenomic Comparison of Two Thiomicrospira Lineages Inhabiting Contrasting Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Environments. PLoS ONE, 5(10), e13530. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013530

  • Brazelton, W. J., Mehta, M. P., Kelley, D. S., & Baross, J. A. (2011). Physiological Differentiation within a Single-Species Biofilm Fueled by Serpentinization. mBio, 2(4), e00127–11–e00127–11. doi:10.1128/mbio.00127-11

  • Brazelton, W. J., Nelson, B., & Schrenk, M. O. (2012). Metagenomic Evidence for H2 Oxidation and H2 Production by Serpentinite-Hosted Subsurface Microbial Communities. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2011.00268

  • Brazelton, W. J., Sogin, M. L., & Baross, J. A. (2010). Multiple scales of diversification within natural populations of archaea in hydrothermal chimney biofilms. Environmental Microbiology Reports, 2(2), 236–242. doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2009.00097.x

  • Brozović, M., Jacobson, R. A., & Sheppard, S. S. (2011). THE ORBITS OF NEPTUNE’S OUTER SATELLITES. The Astronomical Journal, 141(4), 135. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/141/4/135

  • Canfield, D. E., Farquhar, J., & Zerkle, A. L. (2010). High isotope fractionations during sulfate reduction in a low-sulfate euxinic ocean analog. Geology, 38(5), 415–418. doi:10.1130/g30723.1

  • Chambers, J. E. (2010). STELLAR ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCE PATTERNS: IMPLICATIONS FOR PLANET FORMATION. The Astrophysical Journal, 724(1), 92–97. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/724/1/92

  • Cody, G. D., Gupta, N. S., Briggs, D. E. G., Kilcoyne, A. L. D., Summons, R. E., Kenig, F., … Scott, A. C. (2011). Molecular signature of chitin-protein complex in Paleozoic arthropods. Geology, 39(3), 255–258. doi:10.1130/g31648.1

  • Cody, G. D., Heying, E., Alexander, C. M. O., Nittler, L. R., Kilcoyne, A. L. D., Sandford, S. A., & Stroud, R. M. (2011). Establishing a molecular relationship between chondritic and cometary organic solids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 108(48), 19171–19176. doi:10.1073/pnas.1015913108

  • De GREGORIO, B. T., Stroud, R. M., Cody, G. D., Nittler, L. R., David Kilcoyne, A. L., & Wirick, S. (2011). Correlated microanalysis of cometary organic grains returned by Stardust. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 46(9), 1376–1396. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01237.x

  • Desch, S. J., Morris, M. A., Connolly, H. C., & Boss, A. P. (2010). A CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF THE X-WIND MODEL FOR CHONDRULE AND CALCIUM-RICH, ALUMINUM-RICH INCLUSION FORMATION AND RADIONUCLIDE PRODUCTION. The Astrophysical Journal, 725(1), 692–711. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/725/1/692

  • Doyle, L. R., Carter, J. A., Fabrycky, D. C., Slawson, R. W., Howell, S. B., Winn, J. N., … Fischer, D. (2011). Kepler-16: A Transiting Circumbinary Planet. Science, 333(6049), 1602–1606. doi:10.1126/science.1210923

  • Ebel, D. S., & Alexander, C. M. O. D. (2011). Equilibrium condensation from chondritic porous IDP enriched vapor: Implications for Mercury and enstatite chondrite origins. Planetary and Space Science, 59(15), 1888–1894. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2011.07.017

  • Farquhar, J., Zerkle, A. L., & Bekker, A. (2010). Geological constraints on the origin of oxygenic photosynthesis. Photosynthesis Research, 107(1), 11–36. doi:10.1007/s11120-010-9594-0

  • Fassett, C. I., Kadish, S. J., Head, J. W., Solomon, S. C., & Strom, R. G. (2011). The global population of large craters on Mercury and comparison with the Moon. Geophysical Research Letters, 38(10), n/a–n/a. doi:10.1029/2011gl047294

  • Foustoukos, D. I., & Mysen, B. O. (2012). D/H fractionation in the H2–H2O system at supercritical water conditions: Compositional and hydrogen bonding effects. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 86, 88–102. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.03.003

  • Glamoclija, M., Fogel, M. L., Steele, A., & Kish, A. (2012). Microbial Nitrogen and Sulfur Cycles at the Gypsum Dunes of White Sands National Monument, New Mexico. Geomicrobiology Journal, 29(8), 733–751. doi:10.1080/01490451.2011.608111

  • Golden, J., McMillan, M., Downs, R. T., Hystad, G., Goldstein, I., Stein, H. J., … Hazen, R. M. (2013). Rhenium variations in molybdenite (MoS2): Evidence for progressive subsurface oxidation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 366, 1–5. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.01.034

  • Goldman, A. D., Baross, J. A., & Samudrala, R. (2012). The Enzymatic and Metabolic Capabilities of Early Life. PLoS ONE, 7(9), e39912. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039912

  • Goncharov, A. F., Subramanian, N., Ravindran, T. R., Somayazulu, M., Prakapenka, V. B., & Hemley, R. J. (2011). Polymorphism of dense, hot oxygen. J. Chem. Phys., 135(8), 084512. doi:10.1063/1.3626860

  • Grew, E. S., Bada, J. L., & Hazen, R. M. (2011). Borate Minerals and Origin of the RNA World. Orig Life Evol Biosph, 41(4), 307–316. doi:10.1007/s11084-010-9233-y

  • Griffin, P. L., Kish, A., Steele, A., & Hemley, R. J. (2011). Differential high pressure survival in stationary-phase Escherichia coli MG1655. High Pressure Research, 31(2), 325–333. doi:10.1080/08957959.2010.550891

  • Grundy, W. M., Noll, K. S., Nimmo, F., Roe, H. G., Buie, M. W., Porter, S. B., … Stansberry, J. A. (2011). Five new and three improved mutual orbits of transneptunian binaries. Icarus, 213(2), 678–692. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.03.012

  • Gurney, J. J., Helmstaedt, H. H., Richardson, S. H., & Shirey, S. B. (2010). Diamonds through Time. Economic Geology, 105(3), 689–712. doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.105.3.689

  • Gómez-Pérez, N., & Solomon, S. C. (2010). Mercury’s weak magnetic field: A result of magnetospheric feedback?. Geophysical Research Letters, 37(20), n/a–n/a. doi:10.1029/2010gl044533

  • Hazen, R. M., Golden, J., Downs, R. T., Hystad, G., Grew, E. S., Azzolini, D., & Sverjensky, D. A. (2012). Mercury (Hg) mineral evolution: A mineralogical record of supercontinent assembly, changing ocean geochemistry, and the emerging terrestrial biosphere. American Mineralogist, 97(7), 1013–1042. doi:10.2138/am.2012.3922

  • Head, J. W., Chapman, C. R., Strom, R. G., Fassett, C. I., Denevi, B. W., Blewett, D. T., … Nittler, L. R. (2011). Flood Volcanism in the Northern High Latitudes of Mercury Revealed by MESSENGER. Science, 333(6051), 1853–1856. doi:10.1126/science.1211997

  • Herd, C. D. K., Blinova, A., Simkus, D. N., Huang, Y., Tarozo, R., Alexander, C. M. O., … Stroud, R. M. (2011). Origin and Evolution of Prebiotic Organic Matter As Inferred from the Tagish Lake Meteorite. Science, 332(6035), 1304–1307. doi:10.1126/science.1203290

  • Janney, P. E., Shirey, S. B., Carlson, R. W., Pearson, D. G., Bell, D. R., Le Roex, A. P., … Boyd, F. R. (2010). Age, Composition and Thermal Characteristics of South African Off-Craton Mantle Lithosphere: Evidence for a Multi-Stage History. Journal of Petrology, 51(9), 1849–1890. doi:10.1093/petrology/egq041

  • Kaye, J. Z., Sylvan, J. B., Edwards, K. J., & Baross, J. A. (2010). Halomonas and Marinobacter ecotypes from hydrothermal vent, subseafloor and deep-sea environments. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 75(1), 123–133. doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00984.x

  • Kebukawa, Y., Alexander, C. M. O. D., & Cody, G. D. (2011). Compositional diversity in insoluble organic matter in type 1, 2 and 3 chondrites as detected by infrared spectroscopy. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75(12), 3530–3541. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.03.037

  • Kerber, L., Head, J. W., Blewett, D. T., Solomon, S. C., Wilson, L., Murchie, S. L., … Domingue, D. L. (2011). The global distribution of pyroclastic deposits on Mercury: The view from MESSENGER flybys 1–3. Planetary and Space Science, 59(15), 1895–1909. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2011.03.020

  • Kish, A., Griffin, P. L., Rogers, K. L., Fogel, M. L., Hemley, R. J., & Steele, A. (2012). High-pressure tolerance in Halobacterium salinarum NRC-1 and other non-piezophilic prokaryotes. Extremophiles, 16(2), 355–361. doi:10.1007/s00792-011-0418-8

  • Lawrence, D. J., Harmon, J. K., Feldman, W. C., Goldsten, J. O., Paige, D. A., Peplowski, P. N., … Solomon, S. C. (2011). Predictions of MESSENGER Neutron Spectrometer measurements for Mercury’s north polar region. Planetary and Space Science, 59(13), 1665–1669. doi:10.1016/j.pss.2011.07.001

  • Li, J-Y., Kuchner, M. J., Allen, R. J., & Sheppard, S. S. (2011). Measuring the sizes, shapes, surface features and rotations of Solar System objects with interferometry. Icarus, 211(2), 1007–1021. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.11.017

  • Li, X., Gilhooly, W. P., Zerkle, A. L., Lyons, T. W., Farquhar, J., Werne, J. P., … Scranton, M. I. (2010). Stable sulfur isotopes in the water column of the Cariaco Basin. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(23), 6764–6778. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.08.020

  • Lim, L. F., Emery, J. P., & Moskovitz, N. A. (2011). Mineralogy and thermal properties of V-type Asteroid 956 Elisa: Evidence for diogenitic material from the Spitzer IRS (5–35μm) spectrum. Icarus, 213(2), 510–523. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2010.12.006

  • Litasov, K. D., Goncharov, A. F., & Hemley, R. J. (2011). Crossover from melting to dissociation of CO2 under pressure: Implications for the lower mantle. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 309(3-4), 318–323. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.07.006

  • Marshall-Bowman, K., Ohara, S., Sverjensky, D. A., Hazen, R. M., & James Cleaves, H. (2010). Catalytic peptide hydrolysis by mineral surface: Implications for prebiotic chemistry. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(20), 5852–5861. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.07.009

  • Masterson, A. L., Farquhar, J., & Wing, B. A. (2011). Sulfur mass-independent fractionation patterns in the broadband UV photolysis of sulfur dioxide: Pressure and third body effects. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 306(3-4), 253–260. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.04.004

  • McCubbin, F. M., Jolliff, B. L., Nekvasil, H., Carpenter, P. K., Zeigler, R. A., Steele, A., … Lindsley, D. H. (2011). Fluorine and chlorine abundances in lunar apatite: Implications for heterogeneous distributions of magmatic volatiles in the lunar interior. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 75(17), 5073–5093. doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.06.017

  • Meech, K. J., Pittichová, J., Yang, B., Zenn, A., Belton, M. J. S., A’Hearn, M. F., … Zhao, H. (2011). Deep Impact, Stardust-NExT and the behavior of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 from 1997 to 2010. Icarus, 213(1), 323–344. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2011.02.016

  • Meschiari, S., Laughlin, G., Vogt, S. S., Butler, R. P., Rivera, E. J., Haghighipour, N., & Jalowiczor, P. (2011). THE LICK-CARNEGIE SURVEY: FOUR NEW EXOPLANET CANDIDATES. The Astrophysical Journal, 727(2), 117. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/727/2/117

  • Millan-Gabet, R., Serabyn, E., Mennesson, B., Traub, W. A., Barry, R. K., Danchi, W. C., … Booth, A. J. (2011). EXOZODIACAL DUST LEVELS FOR NEARBY MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS: A SURVEY WITH THE KECK INTERFEROMETER NULLER. The Astrophysical Journal, 734(1), 67. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/734/1/67

  • Moskovitz, N. A., & Walker, R. J. (2011). Size of the group IVA iron meteorite core: Constraints from the age and composition of Muonionalusta. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 308(3-4), 410–416. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.06.010

  • Moskovitz, N., & Gaidos, E. (2011). Differentiation of planetesimals and the thermal consequences of melt migration. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 46(6), 903–918. doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2011.01201.x

  • Muterspaugh, M. W., Lane, B. F., Kulkarni, S. R., Konacki, M., Burke, B. F., Colavita, M. M., … Williamson, M. (2010). THE PHASES DIFFERENTIAL ASTROMETRY DATA ARCHIVE. V. CANDIDATE SUBSTELLAR COMPANIONS TO BINARY SYSTEMS. The Astronomical Journal, 140(6), 1657–1671. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/6/1657

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  • Conrad, P.G., Steele, A., Younse, P., Di Cicco, M., Morgan, A.R., Backes, P., Eigenbrode, J.E., Marquardt, D. & Amundsen, H.E.F.  (2011).  Mono Lake Analog Mars Sample Return Expedition for AMASE.  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • D’Amore, M., Helbert, J., Maturilli, A., Domingue, D.L., Izenberg, N.R. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Compositio of surface units on Mercury from surface reflectance measurements during the first and second MESSENGER flybys.  Lunar and Planetary Science, 52: abstract 1381.
  • D’Amore, M., Helbert, J., Maturilli, A., Sprague, A.L., Izenberg, N.R., Holsclaw, G.M., McClintock, W.E., Vilas, F. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Surface compositional heterogeneity on Mercury inferred from MESSENGER spectral measurements.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • De Gregorio, B.T., Stroud, R.M., Nittler, L.R., Cody, G.D., Kilcoyne, A.L.D. & Wirick, S.  (2011).  Correlated microanalysis of cometary organic grains returned by Stardust.  Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 42: Abstract #1608.
  • Denevi, B.W., Robinson, M.S., Blewett, D.T., Murchie, S.L., Chabot, N.L., Ernst, C.M., Solomon, S.C. & Head, J.W.  (2011).  Origin and significance of plains on Mercury.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Ebel, D.S., Alexander, C.M.O.D., Hauck, S.A., II, Lawrence, D.J., Nittler, L.R., Peplowski, P.N., Solomon, S.C., Sprague, A.L., Starr, R.D. & Stewart, S.T.  (2011).  MESSENGER: Implications for Mercury formation hypotheses.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-8, p. 358.
  • Engle, S.G., Guinan, E., Kafka, S., Messina, S., Oswalt, T. & Bochanski, J.  (2011).  The Living with a Red Dwarf Program: dM Star Evolution and the Usefulness of Rotation as an Age Indicator [Abstract].  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society.
  • Ernst, C.M., Murchie, S.L., Barnouin, O.S., Chabot, N.L., Head, J.W., Prockter, L.M., Solomon, S.C. & Watters, T.R.  (2011).  Thickness of volcanic fill in impact basins on Mercury.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-8, p. 358.
  • Evans, L.G., Peplowski, P.N., Hauck, S.A., II, McClintock, W.E., Boynton, W.V., Goldsten, J.O., Hamara, D.K., Rhodes, E.A., Sprague, A.L. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Radioactive elements measured on Mercury by MESSENGER: Implications for the planet’s formation and evolution.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-4, p. 357.
  • Fei, Y., Hillgren, V.J., Shahar, A. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  On the silicon content of Mercury’s core and implications for core mineralogy.  Lunar and Planetary Science, 52: abstract 1949.
  • Fei, Y., Zhang, C. & Tao, R.  (2011).  Efficient carbon leaching in silicate through fluid/melt migration and implications for diamond formation.  Goldschmidt Conference.  Prague, Czech REepublic.
  • Foustoukos, D.I. & Mysen, B.O.  (2011).  D/H fractionation effects in the H2-H2O system: An in-situ experimental study at supercritical water conditions.  American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting.  San Francisco.
  • Glamoclija, M., Fogel, M.L. & Steele, A.  (2011c).  Microbial Nitrogen and Sulfur Cycles at the Playa and Playa-lake Deposits of White Sands National Monument, New Mexico.  AGU Conference.
  • Glamoclija, M., Steele, A. & Fogel, M.L.  (2011b).  Microbial influences on aeolian sulfates; A case study of a dune field at White Sands National Monument, New Mexico.  42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference.
  • Goetz, W., Steininger, H., Steinmetz, E., Bierwirth, M., Goesmann, F., Philippon, C., Lustrement, B., Szopa, C., Buch, A., Amundsen, H., Fogel, M. & Steele, A.  (2011).  Mars Organic Molecule Analyzer (MOMA) Field Test as Part of the AMASE 2010 Svalbard Expedition.  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • Goncharov, A.F.  (2011).  Raman Spectroscopy at High Pressures.
  • Goncharov, A.F., Dalton, D.A., McWilliams, R.S., Armstrong, M.R. & Crowhurst, J.C.  (2011).  Development of new ultrafast laser techniques for diamond anvil cell research: current stage and future plans.  SMEC 2011 Meeting, March 27-April 1, 2011.  Miami – Belize – Mexico – Miami.
  • Grew, E. & Hazen, R.M.  (2010a).  Evolution of the minerals of beryllium, and comparison with boron mineral evolution.  Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs.
  • Grew, E. & Hazen, R.M.  (2010b).  Evolution of boron minerals: Has early species diversity been lost from the geological record?  Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs.
  • Grundy, W.M., Noll, K.S., Buie, M.W., Benecchi, S.D., Roe, H.G., Porter, S.B., Nimmo, F., Stansberry, J.A., Stephens, D.C. & Levison, H.F.  (2010).  Transneptunian Binaries: Statistics of Orbital Properties [Abstract].  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society.
  • Gómez-Pérez, N., Heyner, D., Wicht, J. & Solomon, S.C.  (2010).  Magnetospheric feedback effects on Mercury’s dynamo.  2010 Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union.  San Francisco, Calif.
  • Hauck, S.A., II, Zuber, M.T., Smith, D.E., Johnson, C.L., Phillips, R.J., Lemoine, F.G., Margot, J-L., Neumann, G.A., Peale, S.J. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  The geophysics of Mercury: MESSENGER’s view from orbit.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America (43): 5
  • Hazen, R.M. & Papineau, D.  (2011).  Mineralogical co-evolution of the geo- and biospheres.  In: Knoll, A.H., Konhauser, K.O. & Canfield, D.E. (Eds.).  A Geobiology Reader.  Vol. in press.  Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Hazen, R.M.  (2011).  What’s new in mineral evolution.  Italy Symposium publication.
  • Hazen, R.M., Downs, R.T., Golden, J., Grew, E.S., McMillan, M., Ralph, J.P. & Sverjensky, D.A.  (2011).  Mineral evolution: What’s next?  Goldschmidt Cinference, Prague Czech Republic.
  • Helbert, J., D’Amore, M., Maturilli, A., Sprague, A.L., Izenberg, N.R., Holsclaw, G.M., Domingue, D.L., McClintock, W.E., Hiesinger, H. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Bridging from MESSENGER to BepiColombo – surface composition from visual and near-infrared observations and simulation of thermal infrared data.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Howard, A.W., Marcy, G.W., Bryson, S.T., Jenkins, J.M., Rowe, J.F., Batalha, N.M., Borucki, W.J., Koch, D.G., Dunham, E.W., Gautier, T.N., III, Van Cleve, J., Cochran, W.D., Latham, D.W., Lissauer, J.J., Torres, G., Brown, T.M., Gilliland, R.L., Buchhave, L.A., Caldwell, D.A., Christensen-Dalsgaard, J., Ciardi, D., Fressin, F., Haas, M.R., Howell, S.B., Kjeldsen, H., Seager, S., Rogers, L., Sasselov, D.D., Steffen, J.H., Basri, G.S., Charbonneau, D., Christiansen, J., Clarke, B., Dupree, A., Fabrycky, D.C., Fischer, D.A., Ford, E.B., Fortney, J.J., Tarter, J., Girouard, F.R., Holman, M.J., Johnson, J.A., Klaus, T.C., MacHalek, P., Moorhead, A.V., Morehead, R.C., Ragozzine, D., Tenenbaum, P., Twicken, J.D., Quinn, S.N., Isaacson, H., Shporer, A., Lucas, P.W., Walkowicz, L.M., Welsh, W.F., Boss, A., Devore, E., Gould, A., Smith, J.C., Morris, R.L., Prsa, A. & Morton, T.D.  (2011).  Planet Occurrence within 0.25 AU of Solar-type Stars from Kepler.  ArXiv e-prints, V. 1103.  Vol. 1103.
  • Izenberg, N.R., Holsclaw, G.M., Domingue, D.L., McClintock, W.E., Blewett, D.T., Kochte, M.C., Helbert, J., Sprague, A.L., Vilas, F. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Surface reflectance of Mercury from MESSENGER orbital observations.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Kafka, S.  (2011).  Forecasting life: A study of activity cycles in low-mass stars [Abstract].  11th European Workshop on Astrobiology.
  • Kebukawa, Y., Cody, G.D. & Alexander, C.M.O.D.  (2010).  A New Mechanism for the Formation of Chondritic Insoluble Organic Matter from Interstellar Formaldehyde.  Meteoritical Society Annual Meeting.
  • Kebukawa, Y., Cody, G.D., Alexander, C.M.O.D., Nittler, L.R., Herd, C.D.K. & Kilcoyne, A.L.D.  (2011).  Extensive Organic Molecular Evolution in Different Tagish Lake Meteorite Fragments.  42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference.
  • Klimczak, C., Watters, T.R., Byrne, P.K., Ernst, C.M., Solomon, S.C., Goudge, T.A., Head, J.W. & Xiao, Z.  (2011).  Strain analysis of extension in volcanically flooded impact craters on Mercury.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-10.
  • Lawrence, D.J., Harmon, J.K., Feldman, W.C., Paige, D.A., Peplowski, P.N., Selby, C.M. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Predictions of MESSENGER Neutron Spectrometer measurements for Mercury’s polar regions.  Lunar and Planetary Science, 52: abstract 1955.
  • Lemoine, F.G., Smith, D.E., Peale, S.J., Phillips, R.J., Solomon, S.C., Zuber, M.T., Margot, J-L., Neumann, G.A., Torrence, M.H. & Perry, M.E.  (2011).  Mercury’s gravity field from MESSENGER after 6 months in orbit.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Lin, J-F., Alp, E.E. & Goncharov, A.F.  (2011).  Raman and Nuclear Resonant Spectroscopy in Geosciences.
  • McAdam, A.C., Ten Kate, I.L., Stern, J.C., Mahaffy, P.R., Blake, D.F., Morris, R.V., Steele, A., Amundson, H.E.F. & Team, A.  (2011).  Field Characterization of the Mineralogy and Organic Chemistry of Carbonates from the 2010 Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition by Evolved Gas Analysis.  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • McClintock, W.E., Burger, M.H., Killen, R.M., Merkel, A.W., Sarantos, M., Sprague, A.L., Solomon, S.C. & Vervack, R.J., Jr.  (2011).  Insights into the nature of Mercury’s exosphere: Early results from the MESSENGER orbital mission phase.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • McCubbin, F.M., Sverjensky, D.A., Steele, A. & Mysen, B.O.  (2011).  In-situ characterization of oxalic acid breakdown at elevanted P and T: Implications for organic C-O-H fluid sources in petrologic experiments.  Amer. Mineral, Submitted.
  • McMillan, M.M., Downs, R.T., Stein, H.J., Zimmerman, A., Beitscher, B., Sverjensky, D.A., Papineau, D., Armstrong, J. & Hazen, R.M.  (2010).  Molybdenite mineral evolution: A study of trace elements through time.  Geological Society of America.
  • Meschiari, S., Wolf, A.S., Rivera, E., Laughlin, G., Vogt, S., Butler, P., Gelino, D.M. & Ribas, I.  (2010).  The Systemic Console Package.  In: Coudé du Foresto, V., Gelino, D.M. & Ribas, I. (Eds.).  Pathways Towards Habitable Planets.  Vol. Conferrence Series, Vol. 430.  San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
  • Moldovan, R., Johnson, C.L., Ritzer, J.A., Purucker, M.E., Solomon, S.C., Anderson, B.J., Denevi, B.W. & Korth, H.  (2011).  Detecting crustal magnetic fields on Mercury with MESSENGER.  Lunar and Planetary Science, 52: Abstract 2481.
  • Morrill, P.L., Szponar, N., Brazelton, W.J., Woodruff, Q., Schrenk, M.O., Bower, D.M. & Steele, A.  (2010).  Life detection at a Mars analogue site of present-day serpentinization in the Tablelands Ophiolite of Newfoundland.  American Geophysical Union Meeting.  San Francisco, CA.
  • Morris, R.V., Blake, D.F., Bish, D., Ming, D.W., Agresti, D.G., Treiman, A.H., Steele, A., Amundsen, H.E.F. & Team, A.  (2011).  A Terrestrial Analogue from Spitsbergen (Svalbard, Norway) for the Comanche Carbonate at Gusev Crater, Mars.  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • Moskovitz, N.A. & Walker, R.J.  (2011).  Sizes of Iron Meteorite Parent Bodies: Constraints from the Age and Composition of the IVA Muonionalusta [Abstract].  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference.
  • Murchie, S.L., Robinson, M.S., Head, J.W., Strom, R.G., Prockter, L.M., Solomon, S.C., Watters, T.R., Blewett, D.T., Chabot, N.L. & Denevi, B.W.  (2011).  Results from MESSENGER’s first solar day of orbital imaging on Mercury.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-1, p. 357.
  • Murray-Clay, R., Schlichting, H.E., Benecchi, S.D. & Noll, K.S.  (2010).  Possible Evidence of a Collisional Break in the Color Distribution of Resonant Kuiper Belt Objects [Abstract].  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society.
  • Muterspaugh, M.W., Lane, B.F., Konacki, M., Burke, B.F., Colavita, M.M., Shao, M., Hartkopf, W.I., Boss, A.P., O’Connell, J., Fekel, F.C. & Wiktorowicz, S.J.  (2011).  The Planet in the HR 7162 Binary System Discovered by PHASES Astrometry.  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 217: 42909.
  • Mysen, B.O.  (2010).  Speciation of P in and partitioning between aqueous fluids and silicate melts to upper mantle temperatures and pressures.  JpGU 2011.  Makuhari, Japan.
  • Mysen, B.O.  (2011).  In-situ, high-pressure/-temperature experimental determination of structure-property relations in silicate melt-COHN systems.  Goldschmidt Conference.  Prague, Czech Republic.
  • Mysen, B.O.  (2011).  P5+ and Ti4+ solution mechanisms of and partitioning between fluids and melts at crustal and upper mantle pressure and temperature.  Goldschmidt Conference.  Prague, Czech Republic.
  • Mysen, B.O.  (2011).  Solubility and speciation of volatiles in melts coexisting with COHN fluids at high temperature and pressure with redox conditions: Influence on isotope fraction and melt properties.  9th International Conference on Silicate Melts.  La Petite Pierre, France.
  • Mysen, B.O., Fogel, M.L., Yamashita, S., Cody, G.D. & Kumamoto, K.  (2010).  Influence of speciation of C-O-H-N volatiles in silicate melts and coexisting fluids on C and N solubility in melts and on C and N isotope fractionation between melt and coexisting fluid to upper mantle pressure and temperature as a function of redox conditions.  AGU Fall Meeting.  San Francisco.
  • Mysen, B.O., Kumamoto, K., Cody, G.D. & Fogel, M.L.  (2010).  COH Solubility, solution behavior and 13/12C fractionation melt-fluid systems at mantle redox, P, and T conditions.  JpGU 2010.  Makuhari, Japan.
  • Nelson, B., Chowdhury, S., Brazelton, W.J. & Schrenk, M.  (2011).  Metabolic and Physiological Characteristics of Novel Cultivars from Serpentinite Seep Fluids.  American Geophysical Union Meeting.  San Francisco, CA.
  • Nittler, L.R., Weider, S.Z., Starr, R.D., McClintock, W.E., Ebel, D.S., Lawrence, D.J., McNutt, R.L., Jr., Schlemmn, C.E., II, Solomon, S.C. & Sprague, A.L.  (2011).  Major elements on Mercury’s surface from MESSENGER X-ray spectrometry.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5).
  • Ojwang, J., McWilliams, R. & Goncharov, A.  (2011).  High pressure—high temperature studies of ammonia.  Bulletin of the American Physical Society, APS March Meeting 2011, Abstract ID: BAPS.2011.MAR.Q31.6.
  • Ojwang, J.G.O., McWilliams, R.S. & Goncharov, A.F.  (2011).  Melting and Dissociation of Ammonia at High Pressures.
  • Ostrach, L.R., Chapman, C.R., Fassett, C.I., Head, J.W., Merline, W.J., Robinson, M.S., Solomon, S.C., Strom, R.G. & Xiao, Z.  (2011).  Crater statistics for the northern polar region of Mercury derived from MESSENGER orbital data.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-14, p. 360.
  • Pagano, M.D., Young, P. & Butler, P.  (2011).  Expanding our Knowledge of the Chemical Composition of Nearby Stars.  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 217: 15302.
  • Paige, D.A., Siegler, M.A., Harmon, J.K., Smith, D.E., Zuber, M.T. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Stability of ices in the north polar region of Mercury.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Papineau, D. & Hauri, E.  (2011b).  Isotopically heavy sulfur in banded iron formations from the Eoarchean Nuvvuagittuq Supracrustal Belt.  Mineralogical Magazine, 75: 1594.
  • Papineau, D.  (2010d).  On the origin of carbonaceous material associated with apatite in banded iron formation.  Proceedings of the 5th International Archean Symposium.  Perth, Western Australia.
  • Papineau, D.  (2011c).  Global biogeochemical changes at both ends of the Proterozoic: Insights from phosphorites.  Astrobiology Science Conference.
  • Papineau, D., De Gregorio, B.T., Steele, A., Stroud, R.M. & Fogel, M.L.  (2010e).  Fluid-deposition of graphite with apatite in an Eoarchean banded iron formation from the Nuvvuagittuq Supracrustal Belt, Québec, Canada.  Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta, A790.
  • Papineau, D., Purohit, R. & Fogel, M.L.  (2010g).  Biogeochemical evolution in newly formed rift basins along the Paleoproterozoic Aravalli passive margin.  Astrobiology Science Conference.
  • Papineau, D., Purohit, R. & Fogel, M.L.  (2011d).  The Paleoproterozoic rise of Atmospheric oxygen caused by algal blooms stimulated by high phosphate: the Lower Aravalli Group, India.  Proceedings of the GSA meeting.
  • Peeters, Z., Alexander, C.M.O.D., Changela, H., Nittler, L.R., Price, S. & Stroud, R.M.  (2011).  In situ synchrotron X-ray transmission microscopy of CR chondrites QUE 991777 and GRA 95229.  Meteoritics and Planetary Science (Supp.), Abstract #5476.
  • Peplowski, P.N., Evans, L.G., Blewett, D.T., Denevi, B.W., Lawrence, D.J., Nittler, L.R., Rhodes, E.A. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Surface abundances of K, Th, and U on Mercury and implications for planet formation and evolution.  Lunar and Planetary Science, 52: abstract 2290.
  • Peplowski, P.N., Hamara, D.K., Evans, L.G., McClintock, W.E., Boynton, W.V., Lawrence, D.J., Nittler, L.R., Rhodes, E.A., Solomon, S.C. & Sprague, A.L.  (2011).  Potassium and thorium on the surface of Mercry: Early results from the MESSENGER Gamma-Ray Spectrometer.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Perry, M.E., Kahan, D.S., Barnouin, O.S., Ernst, C.M., Solomon, S.C., Zuber, M.T. & Smith, D.E.  (2011).  Mercury’s radis and shape from radio occultations.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Prockter, L.M., Baker, D.M.H., Head, J.W., Murchie, S.L., Ernst, C.M., Chabot, N.L., Denevi, B.W., Solomon, S.C., Watters, T.R. & Massironi, M.  (2011).  The geology of medium-sized impact basins on Mercury.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-11, p. 359.
  • Purucker, M.E., Johnson, C.L., Moldovan, R., Zuber, M.T., Solomon, S.C., Anderson, B.J., Korth, H., Paige, D.A., Slavin, J.A., Alexeev, I.I. & Phillips, R.J.  (2011).  A search for the crustal magnetization siganture of variations in insolation at Mercury.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Sarantos, M., Killen, R.M., McClintock, W.E., Slavin, J.A., Solomon, S.C. & Vervack, R.J., Jr.  (2011).  Tomographic reconstruction of Mercury’s exosphere from Mercury flyby data.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Schrenk, M.O., Brazelton, W.J., Woodruff, Q., Szponar, N. & Morrill, P.L.  (2010).  Mapping Microbial Populations Relative to Sites of Ongoing Serpentinization: Results from the Tablelands Ophiolite Complex, Canada.  American Geophysical Union Meeting.  San Francisco, CA.
  • Schrenk, M.O., Nelson, B.Y. & Brazelton, W.J.  (2011).  The Serpentinite Subsurface Microbiome.  American Geophysical Union Meeting.  San Francisco, CA.
  • Shirey, S.B., Richardson, S.H. & Van Kranendonk, M.J.  (2011).  3 Ga Onset of the Supercontinent Cycle: SCLM and Crustal Evidence.  Mineralogical Magazine, 75: 1863.
  • Shirey, S.B., Richardson, S.H., Aulbach, S. & Pearson, D.G.  (2010).  Secular Changes in Lithospheric Diamonds from the Archean to the Proterozoic.  EOS Transactions of the AGU, 91: U33A-0009.
  • Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  A tale of two spacecraft: The exploration of Mercury.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 199-11, p. 487.
  • Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  The exploration of Mercury by the MESSENGER spacecraft.  GAC-MAC-SEG-SGA Joinit Annual Meeting.  Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
  • Solomon, S.C., McNutt, R.L., Jr., Bedini, P.D., Anderson, B.J., Blewett, D.T., Evans, L.G., Gold, R.E., Krimigis, S.M., Murchie, S.L., Nittler, L.R., Phillips, R.J., Prockter, L.M., Slavin, J.A. & Zuber, M.T.  (2011).  MESSENGER at Mercury: Flyby accomplishments and orbital observing plans.  Lunar and Planetary Science, 52: abstract 1781.
  • Solomon, S.C., McNutt, R.L., Jr., Bedini, P.D., Anderson, B.J., Blewett, D.T., Evans, L.G., Gold, R.E., Krimigis, S.M., Murchie, S.L., Nittler, L.R., Phillips, R.J., Prockter, L.M., Slavin, J.A. & Zuber, M.T.  (2011).  Mercury after six months of MESSENGER orbital observations.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Solomon, S.C., McNutt, R.L., Jr., Bedini, P.D., Anderson, B.J., Prockter, L.M., Blewett, D.T., Evans, L.G., Gold, R.E., Krimigis, S.M., Murchie, S.L., Nittler, L.R., Phillips, R.J., Slavin, J.A. & Zuber, M.T.  (2010).  The exploration of Mercury by MESSENGER: Looking ahead to orbital observations.  2010 Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union.  San Francisco, Calif.
  • Stark, C.C. & Cahoy, K.  (2011).  Stacking the Hay: Modeling the Worst-Case Scenario for Exozodiacal Clouds [Abstract].  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society.
  • Starke, V., Kirshtein, J., Fogel, M.L. & Steele, A.  (2011a).  Microbial Community Structure Along an Environmental Gradient in the High Arctic.  Keystone Symposia on Microbial Communities as Drivers of Ecosystem Complexity.
  • Starke, V., Kirshtein, J., Fogel, M.L. & Steele, A.  (2011b).  Microbial Ecology and Ecosystem Dynamics at an Arctic Thermal Spring.  The ISME Journal, submitted.
  • Starr, R.D., Weider, S.Z., Nittler, L.R., Boynton, W.V., Evans, L.G., Goldsten, J.O., McClintock, W.E., McNutt, R.L., Jr., Schlemmn, C.E., II, Solomon, S.C. & Sprague, A.L.  (2011).  Mercury’s surface composition: Early results from the MESSENGER X-Ray Spectrometer.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Steele, A., Amundsen, H.E.F., Fogel, M., Benning, L., Schmitz, N., Conrad, P., Younse, P., Backes, P. & Team, A.  (2011).  The Arctic Mars Analogue Svalbard Expedition (AMASE) 2010.  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • Steele, A., Benning, L.G., Fogel, M.L., Amundsen, H., Schmitz, N. & Team, A.  (2010).  The Arctic Mars Analogue Svalbard Expedition 2010. (Invited).  AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, 12: 06.
  • Steele, A., McCubbin, F.M., Fries, M., Glamoclija, M., Kater, L. & Nekvasil, H.  (2011).  Graphite in an Apollo 17 Impact Melt Breccia.  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • Stern, J.C., McAdam, A.C., Ten Kate, I.L., Mahaffy, P.R., Steele, A. & Amundson, H.E.F.  (2011).  δ13C of Mars Analog Carbonates Using Evolved Gas — Cavity Ringdown Spectrometry on the 2010 Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition (AMASE).  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • Strom, R.G., Banks, M.E., Chapman, C.R., Fassett, C.I., Forde, J.A., Head, J.W., Merline, W.J., Prockter, L.M. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Mercury crater statistics from MESSENGER flybys: Implications for stratigraphy and resurfacing history.  Lunar and Planetary Science, 52: abstract 1079.
  • Szponar, N., Morrill, P.L., Brazelton, W.J., Schrenk, M.O., Bower, D.M. & Steele, A.  (2010).  Present-day serpentinization in the Tablelands, Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland: a Mars Analogue Site.  American Geophysical Union Meeting.  San Francisco, CA.
  • Vidonish, J., Bowden, R., Benning, L., Eigenbrode, J. & Fogel, M.L.  (2011).  Tracing the Origins of Organic Matter in the Ice of Svalbard, Norway.  AGU Fall Meeting.
  • Vilas, F., Domingue, D.L., Jensen, E.A., Sprague, A.L., Helbert, J., D’Amore, M. & Solomon, S.C.  (2011).  Search for absorption features in Mercury’s ultraviolet and visible reflectance properties.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.
  • Wang, Y., Kebukawa, Y., Cody, G.D. & Alexander, C.M.O.D.  (2011).  Deuterium Speciation in Chondritic Organic Solids: A relic of Cold Molecular Processes.  42nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference.
  • Watters, T.R., Solomon, S.C., Head, J.W., Ernst, C.M., Denevi, B.W., Robinson, M.S., Klimczak, C. & Goudge, T.A.  (2011).  Extension in the northern plains of Mercury.  Abstracts with Programs, Geological Society of America, 43(5): paper 142-9, p. 358.
  • Weinberger, A.J., Anglada-Escudé, G. & Boss, A.  (2011).  Trigonometric Parallaxes to TW Hydrae Association Stars: Analysis and Implications.  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 217: 34012.
  • Willman, M., Jedicke, R., Moskovitz, N., Nesvorny, D., Vokrouhlicky, D. & Moth‚àö¬©-Diniz, T.  (2010).  Using The Youngest Asteroid Clusters To Constrain The Space Weathering And Gardening Rate On S-complex Asteroids [Abstract].  Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society.
  • Yamashita, S. & Mysen, B.O.  (2010).  Pressure and temperature dependence of 13C diamond Raman shift determined in-situ to 1.27 GPa and 800 °C: application to pressure sensor for high temperature diamond anvil cell experiments.  Japan Geophysical Union, Annual Meeting.  Makuhari, Japan.
  • Younse, P., Dicicco, M., Morgan, A.R., Conrad, P., Steele, A., Amundsen, H.E.F., Backes, P. & Team, A.  (2011).  AMASE Rover Platform for Testing Instrumentation for Potential Astrobiology and Mars Sample Return Missions.  Lunar and Planetary Institute Science Conference Abstracts.
  • Zhang, C., Fei, Y. & Mysen, B.O.  (2011).  In-situ characterization of speciation in C-O-H systems under high temperature and pressure.  COMPRES Annual Meeting.  Williamsburg, VA.
  • Zuber, M.T., Phillips, R.J., Smith, D.E., Solomon, S.C., Neumann, G.A., Lemoine, F.G., Peale, S.J., Margot, J-L., Hauck, S.A., II, Head, J.W., Johnson, C.L., Purucker, M.E., Oberst, J., Barnouin, O.S., Perry, M.E. & Torrence, M.H.  (2011).  Initial orbital phase results of the MESSENGER geophysics investigation.  Geophysical Research Abstracts, 13: abstract EGU2011-11251.
  • Zuber, M.T., Smith, D.E., Phillips, R.J., Solomon, S.C., Neumann, G.A., Head, J.W., Torrence, M.H., Lemoine, F.G., Mazarico, E., Hauck, S.A., II, Johnson, C.L., Barnouin, O.S., Perry, M.E., Oberst, J., Yang, D. & Ernst, C.M.  (2011).  Orbital observations of Mercury with the Mercury Laser Altimeter.  EPSC-DPS 2011.  Nantes, France.