Content with the tag: “origins of life”
Understand how life emerges from cosmic and planetary precursors. Perform observational, experimental and theoretical investigations to understand the general physical and chemical principles underlying the origins of life.
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Comets May Give Life a Hand
A comet hitting Earth would seem to bring only death and destruction, but one group is studying how such an impact could promote certain necessary chemical steps in the origin of life. The researchers are focusing on how comet collisions might have influenced the molecular orientation, or handedness, of our planet’s biology.
Source: [astrobio.net]
September 24, 2009 / Written by: Michael Schirber
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Alien Safari Part 6: Generations
At the most recent NASA Astrobiology Science Conference, a panel of scientists discussed different types of planets where we might find alien life. In part six of this series, the panelists answer audience questions about the origin and evolution of life elsewhere.
Source: [Astrobiology Magazine]
March 30, 2009 / Posted by: Aaron Gronstal
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Seafloor Microbes Abundant and Thriving....An Alternative Cradle for Life?
Researchers from NAI’s Marine Biological Laboratory Team continue their study of the deep biosphere, reporting the latest results in this week’s Nature. This new study reveals that bacterial communities dwelling on ocean-bottom rocks are more abundant and diverse than previously thought, especially relative to the overlying water column. The microbes appear to “feed” on the oceanic crust through seawater–rock alteration reactions involving the oxidation and hydration of glassy basalt.
Astrobiologists hypothesize that shallow water, not deep water, may have cradled...
May 28, 2008 / Posted by: Daniella Scalice
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Meteorites a Rich Source for Primordial Soup
Scientists from NAI’s Carnegie Institution of Washington Team have a new paper in Meteoritics and Planetary Science detailing their discovery of amino acids in two meteorites at concentrations ten times higher than levels previously measured in other similar meteorites. The result suggests that the early solar system was far richer in the organic building blocks of life than scientists had thought, and that fallout from space may have spiked Earth’s primordial broth. Click here to download the paper.
March 13, 2008 / Posted by: Daniella Scalice
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Biologists Surprised To Find Parochial Bacterial Viruses
Biologists examining ecosystems similar to those that existed on Earth more than 3 billion years ago have made a surprising discovery: Viruses that infect bacteria are sometimes parochial and unrelated to their relatives in other parts of the globe.
Source: [Link]
March 4, 2008 / Posted by: Marco Boldt
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Mars Science Laboratory Shakedown in the High Arctic
Members of the AMASE team (AMASE stands for Arctic Mars Analog Svalbard Expedition) last month completed their fourth field season on the Arctic island of Spitsbergen. They went to test out instruments similar to those that will fly on an upcoming mission to Mars, and to perform a field test of a prototype rover, Cliff-bot, that is capable of climbing up and down 80-degree slopes.
Spitsbergen is the largest island in the Norwegian Svalbard archipelago, which lies between the northern tip of Norway and the northern polar ice cap. It is an inviting destination for astrobiology researchers because...
February 1, 2008 / Posted by: Yael Kovo
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NASA Astrobiologists Elected to National Academy of Sciences
Congratulations are due to astrobiologists Donald E. Canfield and Paul G. Falkowski for their election to the distinguished ranks of membership in the National Academy of Sciences.
May 2, 2007 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Biodiversity Rocks the Cover of Nature
The cover of this week’s Nature belongs to Abigail Allwood of the Australian Centre for Astrobiology, one of NAI’s International Partners. She and her colleagues put forward the latest research on the ancient rocks of the Pilbara Craton in Western Australia, which points to evidence of life on Earth 3.43 billion years ago. Their description of a shallow marine environment, and identification of seven stromatolite morphotypes makes a strong argument for early life. NAI supported Allwood’s work with a 2005 NAI Research Scholarship.
Source: [Link]
June 7, 2006 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Astrobiology: The Study of the Living Universe
Christopher Chyba and Kevin Hand of the NAI’s SETI Institute Lead Team have just published this article in the Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ARAA). It reviews the habitability of the Galaxy in general and of planets and moons in particular, and summarizes current controversies in origins-of-life research and in evidence for the earliest life on Earth. It critiques certain “rare Earth” and “anthropic” arguments, and considers four approaches to deciding whether intelligent life exists elsewhere in the Galaxy. It concludes that astrobiology must also speak to the future of human civilization.
Source: [Link]
September 27, 2005 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Scientists Find Clues That Life Began in Deep Space
Duplicating the harsh conditions of space in their laboratory, NASA scientists have created primitive cells with membrane-like structures. These chemical compounds may have played a part in the origin of life.
January 30, 2001 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Without Jupiter, Home Alone
The giant planet Jupiter swallows up asteroids and comets, or flings them into space. Without Jupiter, comet and asteroid impacts might have wiped out any life on Earth.
January 29, 2001 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Astrobiologists Find Evidence of Early Life on Land
Scientists with NASA’s Astrobiology Institute have discovered evidence that microbial life emerged on land between 2.6 billion and 2.7 billion years ago, much earlier than previously thought.
January 18, 2001 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Pyruving the Origin of Life
For the origin of life, chemical synthesis of pyruvic acid is a critical step. In a difficult experiment, Carnegie Institute/NAI researchers report that the natural synthesis of such compounds would occur wherever hot ocean vents pass through iron sulfide-containing crust.
December 18, 2000 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Life Under Bombardment
Does Greenland give a clue as to whether life was seeded twice: ‘stock’ cultures surviving one big impact event? Life Under Bombardment looks for the evidence of our terrestrial past.
November 27, 2000 / Posted by: Shige Abe
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Leonid Meteors Yield Rich Astrobiology Research Results
In search of meteor showers, an airborne research mission indicates that the chemical precursors to life found in comet dust may well have survived a plunge into early Earth’s atmosphere.
November 27, 2000 / Posted by: Shige Abe
A search for primordial water from deep in the Earth's mantle
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 4
A Self-Perpetuating Catalyst for the Production of Organics in Protostellar Nebulae
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 3
Acquisition and Installation of a new Cameca ims 1280 ion microprobe
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES:
Advancing Techniques for in situ Analysis of Complex Organics
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 2, 3, 3, 7
Application of U-tube and fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor to characterize the chemical and physical properties of a deep permafrost and sub-permafrost environment at High Lake, Nunavut, Canada.
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 5, 5, 7
Astrobiology Sample Analysis Program (ASAP)
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES:
Biological potential of Mars
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 3
Biosignatures in chemosynthetic and photosynthetic systems
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 4, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7
Breakdown of methane due to electric discharge: A Laboratory Investigation with Relevance to Mars
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2
Chemical Models of Nebular Processes
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1
Composition of Parent Volatiles in Comets: Oxidized Carbon
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES:
Current Status and Future Bioastronomy with the Large Millimeter Telescope
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3
Early Metabolic Pathways
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 3
Early Metabolic Pathways
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3, 3
Fingerprinting Late Additions to the Earth and Moon via the Study of Highly Siderophile Elements in Lunar Impact Melt Rocks
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1
Formation and Detection of Hot-Earth Objects in Systems with Close-in Jupiters
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 1
Formation of Planetesimals in a Dynamically Evolving Nebula
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1
Genes that regulate photosymbiotic relationships
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2
Habitable Planets
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 1, 2, 4
Icelandic subglacial lakes
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 4, 5, 6
Interplanetary Pioneers
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 5, 6
Microbial Communities and Activities in the Deep Marine Subsurface
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 5, 5, 6, 6
Modeling grain surface reaction pathways for large organic molecules
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3
Organic and Inorganic Acids from Ion-irradiated Ices
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 3, 7
Origin and Evolution of Organics
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 2, 3
Origin and Evolution of Organics in Planetary Systems
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 3, 3
Origin of Irregular Satellites
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1
Prebiotic Organics from Space
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 7, 7
Protist diversity in extreme environments
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 6, 7
Recovery of comet 85P/Boethin for the Deep Impact Extended Mission
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2
Research Activities in the Astrobiology Analytical Laboratory
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 2, 2, 3, 7
Sediment-buried basement deep biosphere
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6
Societal and Philosophical Aspects of Astrobiology
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 18
Studies in Planetary Formation and Evolution
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 8, 9, 11, 12
Studies of Organic Matter and Water in Meteorites
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 8, 9, 11
The Main Belt distribution of basaltic asteroids
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2
THE VYSOS PROJECT
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1
Ultra-violet processing of ices in the Rosette Nebula
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3
Understanding the Microbial Ecology of Geologically-based Chemolithoautotrophic Communities
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 4
Sulfur and Phosphorus Cosmochemistry: Implications
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 7
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belt kuiper belt objects laboratory laboratory investigation laboratory science lake lake bonney lakes landsat tm data laser laser desorption lassen lassen volcanic national park late accretion late bombardment late heavy bombardment ldn 673 left-handed lefty level of analysis lexen program life life and environment life elsewhere in the universe life in extreme life in our solar system life in the universe life on mars light lightning li isotopes linda billings lipids liquid liquid chromatography mass spectrometry lithic clasts lithophiles living in the microbial world: summer teacher enhancement - august 1999 lmt low-mass low-mass stars low albedo deposits lunar-like satellites lunar exploration lunar impacts mssbauer mafic maghemite magnesite magnet magnetic field magnetic fields magnetic fields - stars magnetite magnets main belt asteroids main belt comets maine malawimonas jakobiformis maps marco polo marine ecology marine sediments eukaryotes mars mars. mars analog mars analog. 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