Content with the tag: “oceans”
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Oxygen Production in Earth's Early Oceans Predates the Great Oxidation Event
It is widely accepted that around 2.4 billion years ago, the Earth’s atmosphere underwent a dramatic change when oxygen levels rose sharply. Called the “Great Oxidation Event” (GOE), the oxygen spike marks an important milestone in Earth’s history, the transformation from an oxygen-poor atmosphere to an oxygen-rich one paving the way for complex life to develop on the planet.
Two questions that remain unresolved in studies of the early Earth are when oxygen production via photosynthesis got started and when it began to alter the chemistry of Earth’s ocean and atmosphere.
A research team that includes members of NAI’s Arizona...
Source: [Link]
November 4, 2009 / Posted by: Daniella Scalice
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Nascence Man
NAI scientist Mike Russell is the subject of a recent Nature News Feature which likens his work on the origin of life to the alchemists of yore. His research, however, involves transforming elements not into gold, but into the ‘stirrings of life.’ The article describes the equipment in his lab as ‘the biological equivalent of a particle accelerator,’ as he is using two linked containers to attempt to recreate the first moments of life on Earth. One contains a liquid proxy for the Earth’s early oceans, and the other holds a liquid proxy...
June 16, 2009 / Posted by: Daniella Scalice
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Wandering Poles on Europa
A new study in the May 15th issue of Nature from NAI’s Carnegie Institution of Washington Team reveals that Europa’s poles may not have always been located in the same place. Using images from three NASA spacecraft, Voyager, Galileo, and New Horizons, the study mapped surface features on Europa and matched them with a pattern predicted if Europa had experienced an episode of ~80 degree true polar wander. This movement of the pole and subsequent change in rotation axis is only possible if Europa’s outer shell is decoupled...
May 22, 2008 / Written by: Daniella Scalice
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Taking the Ocean's Pulse
Near the town of Moss Landing, California, midway between Santa Cruz to the north and Monterey to the south, the Salinas River empties lazily out into the Pacific Ocean. What makes this otherwise unremarkable juncture unique is that it lies at the mouth of Monterey Canyon, one of the longest and deepest underwater canyons in continental North America. Virtually unknown, and largely unexplored, the sheer size of Monterey Canyon puts it squarely in league with its celebrated upcountry counterpart, the Grand Canyon. Which explains why not one but two major marine research centers – Moss Landing Marine Laboratories and Monterey...
April 2, 2007 / Posted by: Yael Kovo
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Mars Ocean Hypothesis Hits the Shore
Photographs of the Martian surface find no sign of a sea cliff along a possible ancient shoreline.
January 26, 2001 / Posted by: Shige Abe
A search for primordial water from deep in the Earth's mantle
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 4.1
A Self-Perpetuating Catalyst for the Production of Organics in Protostellar Nebulae
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 3.1
Acquisition and Installation of a new Cameca ims 1280 ion microprobe
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES:
Advancing Techniques for in situ Analysis of Complex Organics
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 7.1
Application of U-tube and fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor to characterize the chemical and physical properties of a deep permafrost and sub-permafrost environment at High Lake, Nunavut, Canada.
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1
Astrobiology Sample Analysis Program (ASAP)
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES:
Biological potential of Mars
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.1, 3.1
Biosignatures in chemosynthetic and photosynthetic systems
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2
Breakdown of methane due to electric discharge: A Laboratory Investigation with Relevance to Mars
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.1
Chemical Models of Nebular Processes
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1
Composition of Parent Volatiles in Comets: Oxidized Carbon
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES:
Current Status and Future Bioastronomy with the Large Millimeter Telescope
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3.1
Early Metabolic Pathways
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2, 3
Early Metabolic Pathways
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3.2, 3.4
Fingerprinting Late Additions to the Earth and Moon via the Study of Highly Siderophile Elements in Lunar Impact Melt Rocks
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1
Formation and Detection of Hot-Earth Objects in Systems with Close-in Jupiters
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 1.2
Formation of Planetesimals in a Dynamically Evolving Nebula
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1
Genes that regulate photosymbiotic relationships
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2
Habitable Planets
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 4.3
Icelandic subglacial lakes
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.1, 4.1, 5.3, 6.2
Interplanetary Pioneers
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 5.3, 6.2
Microbial Communities and Activities in the Deep Marine Subsurface
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 5.1, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2
Modeling grain surface reaction pathways for large organic molecules
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3.1
Organic and Inorganic Acids from Ion-irradiated Ices
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.2, 3.1, 7.1
Origin and Evolution of Organics
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 2.1, 3.1
Origin and Evolution of Organics in Planetary Systems
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 3.1, 3.2
Origin of Irregular Satellites
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1
Prebiotic Organics from Space
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.4, 4.3, 7.1, 7.2
Protist diversity in extreme environments
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 6, 7
Recovery of comet 85P/Boethin for the Deep Impact Extended Mission
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.2
Research Activities in the Astrobiology Analytical Laboratory
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 7.1
Sediment-buried basement deep biosphere
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.1, 3.3, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2
Societal and Philosophical Aspects of Astrobiology
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 18
Studies in Planetary Formation and Evolution
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 11, 12, 8, 9
Studies of Organic Matter and Water in Meteorites
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1, 11, 8, 9
The Main Belt distribution of basaltic asteroids
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.2
THE VYSOS PROJECT
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 1.2
Ultra-violet processing of ices in the Rosette Nebula
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 3.1
Understanding the Microbial Ecology of Geologically-based Chemolithoautotrophic Communities
ROADMAP OBJECTIVES: 2.1, 4.1
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instruments international space station interplanetary dust particles interstellar interstellar chemistry interstellar ice interstellar ices. interstellar medium interstellar molecules interviews in vitro evolution ionizing radiation ion microprobe iron iron –sulfides iron-sulfur enzymes iron-sulfur minerals iron concentrations iron formation iron isotope fractionation iron isotopes iron oxide iron oxidizers iron oxidizing bacteria iron reducers iron reduction kinetics irons-sulfur surfaces iron spectromicroscopy irradation irradiation ir spectroscopy isomerases isotope isotopes isotopic fractionation iss issol jack hills jakoba incarcerata jakoba libera jakobids jarosite journal:earth journal: journal of geophysical research journal of bacteriology journal of the american chemical society jpl jupiter k-p boundary kbo kbo size distribution kepler key nutrient metals kuiper belt kuiper belt objects laboratory laboratory investigation laboratory science lake lake bonney lakes landsat tm 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