NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration

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  1. Question

    If the oxidation on the surface of Mars does not have a biological cause, as the Viking experiments suggest, what DOES cause the oxidation?

    Until we are able to directly analyze more of the Martian environment, we will not know exactly what has caused the surface oxidation. But because there is no irrefutable evidence that life has ever existed on Mars, we must invoke abiotic processes to explain what we observe. The most plausible mechanism is the reaction of surface matter with photochemically produced atmospheric oxidants. Although this type of oxidation occurs slowly, over geological time it can lead to the type of widespread oxidation that is observed. The presence of oxidized iron minerals gives Mars’ surface its well-known reddish color. The question of oxidation mechanisms on Mars might be resolved by the Mars Atmospheric Oxidant Sensor, which will be one of the instruments aboard the Beagle 2 lander (which itself is part of the European Space Agency’s planned Mars Express Mission to be launched in 2003). Pushker Kharecha Doctoral Student in Geosciences, Penn State University
    May 31, 2002